Preventive Measures for Water Intrusion in Shipping Containers

Containers are an indispensable part of global logistics, but they are prone to moisture and water intrusion, which can damage the goods. The problem of water intrusion in shipping containers has always been a problem for these companies. It may not only cause damage to the goods, but also cause a series of economic losses and reputation risks. Understanding the causes and taking preventive measures can help cross-border logistics companies and sellers maintain the integrity of their goods.

This article will start from the reasons why containers have water, and discuss in-depth measures to prevent container water intrusion. It will also introduce relevant insurance to reduce potential losses and help companies and sellers cross borders with peace of mind.

What are the reasons for water in containers?

Cargo contains moisture

The moisture carried by the cargo itself is an important source of water vapor inside the container. For example, wood furniture usually contains 8% to 25% humidity. This moisture may be emitted into the air during transportation and form condensation. Especially in ocean transportation, containers experience high temperature and high humidity, and the condensation phenomenon is particularly significant, eventually leading to "container rain". As the warm air inside the container cools, it reaches the dew point, causing moisture to condense on the container's surface. This is common when the air inside the container is hotter than the cold metal walls.

Box condensation

During ocean transportation or storage, containers experience drastic temperature changes, causing water vapor in the air to condense into water droplets. This condensation phenomenon is particularly common in sea areas with large temperature differences between day and night.

 Seawater and freshwater immersion

Bad weather (such as strong winds and waves) or manufacturing defects in the container itself (such as loose welds and aging seals) may cause seawater or fresh water to enter the container through gaps, vents, etc. Rain, melting snow, ice, groundwater and surface runoff can penetrate through unsealed roof and wall joints or through pipe leaks and pressure differences. In addition, containers that are improperly loaded or have not been used for a long time may also suffer from water intrusion due to damaged seals.

Seal damaged

Containers with damaged or worn seals may allow water to leak during shipping, especially if exposed to rain or high humidity.

Improper loading

Improperly loaded containers can cause uneven weight distribution, put stress on the container structure, and potentially lead to leaks.

Poorly maintained

Containers that are not regularly inspected and maintained may develop rust, holes, or other structural problems that allow water to seep in.

external damage

Physical damage to containers during handling, such as dents or holes, may create entry points for water.

How serious is the damage caused by container condensation?

No matter where condensation occurs, it may bring about a series of serious consequences, causing cargo owners to suffer significant economic losses. Specifically, container condensation can cause the following major problems:

Mold Growth and Mildew

A humid environment is a breeding ground for mold. Once the goods in the container become damp, mold can easily breed, causing mildew spots and a musty smell to appear on the surface of the goods, seriously damaging the quality of the goods and affecting sales.

Accelerated corrosion

For metal packaging or goods containing metal parts, the moisture formed by condensation will accelerate the oxidation and corrosion process, shorten the service life, and even cause direct damage to the goods.

Warpage

When highly hygroscopic materials such as wood and cardboard become damp in a container, they will warp and deform due to uneven water absorption, affecting the appearance and functionality of the product.

damaged packaging

Humid conditions will weaken the strength of packaging materials, causing cartons, plastic bags and other packaging materials to crack or soften, making them unable to effectively protect the goods inside, causing further losses.

Shipping container damaged

Long-term condensation accumulation may corrode the interior of the container and affect its sealing and structural integrity. This not only increases maintenance costs, but may also affect the reuse and safe transportation of the container due to structural problems.

Dry powdery items agglomerate

For dry powder and granular products (such as food raw materials, chemical products), the moisture generated by condensation will cause these items to absorb moisture and agglomerate, affecting their fluidity, uniformity and use effect, and even causing product scrapping.

Condensation in containers not only affects the quality of goods, but may also endanger transportation safety, so effective measures must be taken to prevent and control it.

What are the measures to prevent water intrusion into containers?

To prevent water from flowing in and control the humidity inside the container, there are several strategies you can use:

1. Inspection before packing

Make sure the container is well sealed and free of damage, cracks or deterioration. At the same time, check whether the goods and loading environment are dry to avoid bringing in moisture.

2. Strengthen the waterproof packaging of goods

Use waterproof materials for packaging to ensure that the goods are not corroded by moisture during transportation. For goods that are susceptible to moisture, consider using moisture-proof bags or desiccants. For sensitive items such as electronics, sealing them with moisture-proof foil and desiccant will protect them from moisture without preventing condensation on the container itself. Make sure all container doors are equipped with high-quality, weather-resistant seals. Check regularly and replace seals as needed.

3. Place desiccant properly in the box

Desiccant agents such as silica gel, calcium chloride and activated carbon absorb moisture from the air and lower the dew point inside the container. The amount of desiccant required can be calculated using industry standards such as DIN 55474. Place an appropriate amount of desiccant in the container to absorb moisture in the air and reduce condensation.

4. Container insulation

Insulation helps keep the internal temperature consistent and prevents temperature differences from causing condensation. Materials such as foam or fiberglass can be used for insulation.

5.Ventilation

Ensuring proper airflow helps disperse moist air. Containers usually have vents, but if the existing vents are blocked or insufficient, additional vents may be needed. Mechanical ventilation, using fans or opening doors when loading and unloading can promote air exchange and reduce moisture build-up.

6. Use kiln-dried pallets or non-wooden pallets

Green pallets introduce a lot of moisture. Kiln-dried pallets or plastic pallets are preferred as they do not release moisture into the container.

7. Proper loading practices

Follow best practices for loading containers to ensure even weight distribution and minimize stress on the container structure.

8. Real-time monitoring and visualization

Use Internet of Things technology to monitor the temperature, humidity and location information in the container in real time to detect and solve problems in a timely manner. At the same time, the entire transportation process is visualized to ensure the safety of the goods.

What insurance is available to reduce the damage caused by water intrusion into containers?

Facing the possible losses caused by water intrusion into the container, it is crucial to choose the appropriate insurance. Here are some common types of container insurance:

Container loss insurance

Covers total or partial loss of the container due to natural disasters, accidents, etc. When a container suffers damage such as water intrusion, the insurance company will pay compensation in accordance with the insurance contract.

All risks on cargo

It not only covers the loss of the goods themselves, but also includes losses and additional expenses caused by transportation accidents, loading and unloading processes. Cargo All Risks provides effective protection against cargo damage caused by water intrusion into the container.

Container insurance plus war risk

Provides additional protection against special risks (such as war, hostilities, etc.). Although such risks are relatively rare, they still need to be considered in certain circumstances.

marine insurance

Comprehensive insurance for goods transported by sea, including protection against water damage, theft and other maritime risks.

freight insurance

Specially covers the value of goods to prevent losses caused by water damage during transportation.

By taking effective preventive measures and choosing appropriate insurance solutions, companies and sellers can greatly reduce the risk of water intrusion in shipping containers and ensure the smoothness and safety of cross-border logistics. If you have any questions or needs, please feel free to contact chinadivision and we will provide you with professional cross-border logistics solutions.